Tuesday 31 December 2019

Monthly update 5(10/11/12): 2019



Q4 2019


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Staff publications

Radio broadcast: Steve Nolan, Hospice Chaplain
Their hope is full of immortality (BBC Radio 4 Sunday Worship, 3rd Nov 2019). Available at: : https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m0009zlj

Interview: Steve Nolan, Hospice Chaplain
The intersection of spiritual care and palliative care. Available at: https://palliativecarenetwork.com/resources/?cat=intersection-of-palliative-care-and-spiritual-care

Liz Reed et al
Exploring the experience of returning to work after personal bereavement.
Int J Palliat Nurs. 2019 Nov 2;25(11):525-530. https://doi.org/10.12968/ijpn.2019.25.11.525

Hospice UK conference posters

Guidelines and standards

End of life care for adults: service delivery
NICE guideline [NG142] Published date: October 2019

Cochrane systematic reviews

Interventions for involving older patients with multi-morbidity in decision-making during primary care consultations.
Butterworth JE, Hays R, McDonagh ST, Richards SH, Bower P, Campbell J.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Oct 28;2019(10). doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013124.pub2. Review.

The Cochrane Pain, Palliative and Supportive Care Review Group (PaPaS) pages and the palliative care evidence database, can be found here: http://papas.cochrane.org/

Other systematic reviews and research studies

Care and support

Interventions and patient support

Benzodiazepines for cancer dyspnoea: a nationwide survey of palliative care physicians.
Matsuda Y, Matsunuma R, Suzuki K, Mori M, Watanabe H, Yamaguchi T.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Dec 9. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001997. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001997. [Epub ahead of print]

Pulmonary arterial hypertension: A palliative medicine review of the disease, its therapies and drug interactions.
Christiansen D, Porter BScPhm S, Hurlburt L, Weiss A, Granton J, Wentlandt K.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2019 Dec 2. pii: S0885-3924(19)30678-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.11.023. [Epub ahead of print]

What is the evidence for mirtazapine in treating cancer-related symptomatology? A systematic review.
Economos G, Lovell N, Johnston A, Higginson IJ.
Support Care Cancer. 2019 Dec 19. doi: 10.1007/s00520-019-05229-7. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Effectiveness of dignity therapy for patients with advanced cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 10 randomized controlled trials.
Li Y, Li X, Hou L, Cao L, Liu G, Yang K.
Depress Anxiety. 2019 Dec 6. doi: 10.1002/da.22980. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Instruments for the identification of patients in need of palliative care: a systematic review protocol of measurement properties.
Teike Lüthi F, Mabire C, Rosselet Amoussou J, Bernard M, Borasio GD, Ramelet AS.
JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep. 2019 Nov 28. doi: 10.11124/JBISRIR-D-19-00146. [Epub ahead of print]

Opportunities for Palliative Care in Patients with Burn Injury - A Systematic Review.
Cook AC, Langston JA, Jaramillo JD, Edwards K, Wong HN, Aslakson RA; American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine Research Committee Writing Group.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2019 Nov 24. pii: S0885-3924(19)30669-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.11.014. [Epub ahead of print]

Patients' spirituality perspectives at the end of life: a qualitative evidence synthesis.
Clyne B, O'Neill SM, Nuzum D, O'Neill M, Larkin J, Ryan M, Smith SM.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Nov 26. pii: bmjspcare-2019-002016. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-002016. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

A systematic review of the integration of palliative care in dementia management.
Senderovich H, Retnasothie S.
Palliat Support Care. 2019 Nov 18:1-12. doi: 10.1017/S1478951519000968. [Epub ahead of print]

The Effects of Opioids on Cognition in Older Adults With Cancer and Chronic Noncancer Pain: A Systematic Review.
Pask S, Dell'Olio M, Murtagh FEM, Boland JW.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2019 Oct 31. pii: S0885-3924(19)30639-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.10.022. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Complementary and alternative medicine for treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A narrative review.
Cai M, Yang EJ.
Integr Med Res. 2019 Dec;8(4):234-239. doi: 10.1016/j.imr.2019.08.003. Epub 2019 Aug 29. Review.

The effectiveness of aromatherapy, massage and reflexology in people with palliative care needs: A systematic review.
Candy B, Armstrong M, Flemming K, Kupeli N, Stone P, Vickerstaff V, Wilkinson S.
Palliat Med. 2019 Oct 29:269216319884198. doi: 10.1177/0269216319884198. [Epub ahead of print]

Identification and Assessment of Breathlessness in Clinical Practice: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis.
Elliott-Button HL, Johnson MJ, Nwulu U, Clark J.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2019 Oct 23. pii: S0885-3924(19)30605-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.10.014. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Can non-pharmacological interventions reduce hospital admissions in people with dementia? A systematic review.
Packer R, Ben Shlomo Y, Whiting P.
PLoS One. 2019 Oct 21;14(10):e0223717. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223717. eCollection 2019.

Factors Contributing to the Preferred Method of Feeding in End-Stage Dementia: A Scoping Review.
Newman RD, Ray R, Woodward L, Glass B.
Dysphagia. 2019 Oct 15. doi: 10.1007/s00455-019-10072-3. [Epub ahead of print]

Reciprocal Dynamics of Dignity in End-of-Life Care: A Multiperspective Systematic Review of Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research.
Choo PY, Tan-Ho G, Dutta O, Patinadan PV, Ho AHY.
Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2019 Oct 3:1049909119878860. doi: 10.1177/1049909119878860. [Epub ahead of print]

Fan Therapy for the Relief of Dyspnea in Adults with Advanced Disease and Terminal Illness: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Yu S, Sun K, Xing X, Zhong Y, Yan X, Qiu W, Yan M.
J Palliat Med. 2019 Dec;22(12):1603-1609. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2019.0140. Epub 2019 Oct 1.

Suicidal ideation in patients with cancer: A systematic review of prevalence, risk factors, intervention and assessment.
Kolva E, Hoffecker L, Cox-Martin E.
Palliat Support Care. 2019 Sep 26:1-14. doi: 10.1017/S1478951519000610. [Epub ahead of print]

Acupuncture for Breathlessness in Advanced Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
von Trott P, Oei SL, Ramsenthaler C.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2019 Sep 18. pii: S0885-3924(19)30527-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.09.007. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Evaluating the effects of the pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions to manage delirium symptoms in palliative care patients: systematic review.
Skelton L, Guo P.
Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 2019 Dec;13(4):384-391. doi: 10.1097/SPC.0000000000000458.

Outcomes of deprescribing interventions in older patients with life-limiting illness and limited life expectancy: A systematic review.
Shrestha S, Poudel A, Steadman K, Nissen L.
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2019 Sep 4. doi: 10.1111/bcp.14113. [Epub ahead of print]

Lung cancer and end-of-life care: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of aggressive inpatient care.
Bylicki O, Didier M, Riviere F, Margery J, Grassin F, Chouaid C.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Dec;9(4):413-424. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001770. Epub 2019 Aug 31. Review.

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A review of disease, pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies with a focus on symptoms, function, and health-related quality of life.
Rozenberg D, Sitzer N, Porter S, Weiss A, Colman R, Reid DW, Shapera S, Fisher J, Wentlandt K.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2019 Dec 27. pii: S0885-3924(19)31078-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.12.364. [Epub ahead of print]

The effect of music on pain in the adult intensive care unit: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
Richard-Lalonde M, Gélinas C, Boitor M, Gosselin E, Feeley N, Cossette S, Chlan LL.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2019 Dec 24. pii: S0885-3924(19)31064-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.12.359. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Heart Failure: A review of disease, therapies and medications with a focus on symptoms, function, and quality of life.
McGuinty C, Leong D, Weiss A, MacIver J, Kaya E, Hurlburt L, Billia F, Ross H, Wentlandt K.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2019 Dec 19. pii: S0885-3924(19)31062-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.12.357. [Epub ahead of print]

Inter-rater reliability in performance status assessment between clinicians and patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chow R, Zimmermann C, Bruera E, Temel J, Im J, Lock M.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Dec 5. pii: bmjspcare-2019-002080. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-002080. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Morphine for dyspnoea in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a before-after efficacy study.
Matsuda Y, Morita T, Matsumoto H, Hosoi K, Kusama K, Kohashi Y, Morishita H, Kaku S, Ariyoshi K, Oyamada S, Inoue Y, Iwase S, Yamaguchi T, Nishikawa M.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Nov 15. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001929. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001929. [Epub ahead of print]

End-of-life care for frail older people.
Harwood RH, Enguell H.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Nov 15. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001953. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001953. [Epub ahead of print]

No excess harms from sustained-release morphine: a randomised placebo-controlled trial in chronic breathlessness.
Johnson MJ, Sbizzera I, Fairhurst C, Fazekas B, Agar M, Ekstrom M, Currow DC.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Nov 12. pii: bmjspcare-2019-002009. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-002009. [Epub ahead of print]

Best practices for opioid abuse screening in cancer patients.
Patel JN, Salib M, Parala-Metz A.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Oct 31. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001950. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001950. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.

End-of-life care in intellectual disability: a retrospective cross-sectional study.
Hunt K, Bernal J, Worth R, Shearn J, Jarvis P, Jones E, Lowe K, Madden P, Barr O, Forrester-Jones R, Kroll T, McCarron M, Read S, Todd S.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Oct 16. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001985. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001985. [Epub ahead of print]

Lymphoedema management by independent hospices: a cohort study.
Brown A, Nicholson C, Fearing A, Newton J, Gordon S, Hughes A, Egdell A, Ellam J.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Dec;9(4):389-396. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001896. Epub 2019 Oct 3.

Global prevalence of depression in HIV/AIDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Rezaei S, Ahmadi S, Rahmati J, Hosseinifard H, Dehnad A, Aryankhesal A, Shabaninejad H, Ghasemyani S, Alihosseini S, Bragazzi NL, Raoofi S, Kiaee ZM, Ghashghaee A.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Dec;9(4):404-412. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001952. Epub 2019 Sep 19. Review.

Cancer as a chronic illness: support needs and experiences.
Boele F, Harley C, Pini S, Kenyon L, Daffu-O'Reilly A, Velikova G.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Sep 19. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001882. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001882. [Epub ahead of print]

Advance care planning

Advance care planning and longer survival in the terminally ill: a randomised controlled trial unexpected finding.
Neergaard MA, Skorstengaard MH, Brogaard T, Bendstrup E, Løkke A, Aagaard S, Wiggers H, Andreassen P, Jensen AB.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Dec 10. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001906. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001906. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.

Factors which influence hospital doctors' Advance Care Plan adherence.
Patricia Craig D, Ray R, Harvey D, Shircore M.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2019 Dec 14. pii: S0885-3924(19)30711-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.12.008. [Epub ahead of print] Review

Health-related preferences of older patients with multimorbidity: an evidence map.
Gonzalez AI GONZALEZ, Schmucker C, Nothacker J, Motschall E, Nguyen TS, Brueckle MS, Blom J, van den Akker M, Röttger K, Wegwarth O, Hoffmann T, Straus SE, Gerlach FM, Meerpohl JJ, Muth C.
BMJ Open. 2019 Dec 15;9(12):e034485. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034485.

Advance care planning for individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a scoping review of the literature.
Meehan E, Foley T, Kelly MC, Burgess Kelleher A, Sweeney C, Hally RM, Detering K, Cornally N.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2019 Dec 11. pii: S0885-3924(19)30715-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.12.010. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Advance care planning in COPD: guidance development for healthcare professionals.
Meehan E, Sweeney C, Foley T, Lehane E, Burgess Kelleher A, Hally RM, Shanagher D, Korn B, Rabbitte M, Detering KM, Cornally N.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Nov 4. pii: bmjspcare-2019-002002. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-002002. [Epub ahead of print]

Association between palliative care and the rate of advanced care planning: A systematic review.
Koffler S, Mintzker Y, Shai A.
Palliat Support Care. 2019 Nov 27:1-13. doi: 10.1017/S1478951519001068. [Epub ahead of print]

The Effect of Advance Care Planning on Heart Failure: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Schichtel M, Wee B, Perera R, Onakpoya I.
J Gen Intern Med. 2019 Nov 12. doi: 10.1007/s11606-019-05482-w. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Advance Care Planning in Home Health: A Review of the Literature.
Bigger S, Haddad L.
J Hosp Palliat Nurs. 2019 Dec;21(6):518-523. doi: 10.1097/NJH.0000000000000591.

Using Implementation Science to Further the Adoption and Implementation of Advance Care Planning in Rural Primary Care.
Nelson-Brantley H, Buller C, Befort C, Ellerbeck E, Shifter A, Ellis S.
J Nurs Scholarsh. 2019 Sep 23. doi: 10.1111/jnu.12513. [Epub ahead of print]

Bereavement support

A Systematic Review of the Dual Process Model of Coping With Bereavement (1999-2016).
Fiore J.
Omega (Westport). 2019 Dec 12:30222819893139. doi: 10.1177/0030222819893139. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.

Being there: A scoping review of grief support training in medical education.
Sikstrom L, Saikaly R, Ferguson G, Mosher PJ, Bonato S, Soklaridis S.
PLoS One. 2019 Nov 27;14(11):e0224325. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224325. eCollection 2019.

Grief After Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide.
Andriessen K, Krysinska K, Castelli Dransart DA, Dargis L, Mishara BL.
Crisis. 2019 Oct 28:1-18. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000630. [Epub ahead of print]

Disadvantaged and disenfranchised in bereavement: A scoping review of social and structural inequity following expected death.
Bindley K, Lewis J, Travaglia J, DiGiacomo M.
Soc Sci Med. 2019 Dec;242:112599. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112599. Epub 2019 Oct 12. Review.

Bereavement support effectiveness for parents of infants and children: a systematic review.
Ainscough T, Fraser L, Taylor J, Beresford B, Booth A.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Oct 3. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001823. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001823. [Epub ahead of print]

"Death from a broken heart": A systematic review of the relationship between spousal bereavement and physical and physiological health outcomes.
Ennis J, Majid U.
Death Stud. 2019 Sep 19:1-14. doi: 10.1080/07481187.2019.1661884. [Epub ahead of print]

Early parental loss in childhood and depression in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of case-controlled studies.
Simbi CMC, Zhang Y, Wang Z.
J Affect Disord. 2020 Jan 1;260:272-280. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.087. Epub 2019 Jul 30. Review.

Bereavement practices employed by hospitals and medical practitioners toward attending funeral of patients: A systematic review.
Kim K, Churilov L, Huang A, Weinberg L.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Sep;98(36):e16692. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000016692.

Communication

Communication Interventions to Improve Goal-Concordant Care of Seriously Ill Patients: An Integrative Review.
Bennett F, OʼConner-Von S.
J Hosp Palliat Nurs. 2019 Nov 21. doi: 10.1097/NJH.0000000000000606. [Epub ahead of print]

Paramedics and serious illness: communication training.
Pease NJ, Sundararaj JJ, O'Brian E, Hayes J, Presswood E, Buxton S.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Nov 15. pii: bmjspcare-2018-001734. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2018-001734. [Epub ahead of print]

Equality and diversity

Interventions for End of Life Decision Making for Patients with Limited English Proficiency.
Barwise A, Balls-Berry J, Soleimani J, Karki B, Barrett B, Castillo K, Kreps S, Kunkel H, Vega B, Erwin P, Espinoza Suarez N, Wilson ME.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2019 Nov 20. doi: 10.1007/s10903-019-00947-w. [Epub ahead of print]

Disadvantaged and disenfranchised in bereavement: A scoping review of social and structural inequity following expected death.
Bindley K, Lewis J, Travaglia J, DiGiacomo M.
Soc Sci Med. 2019 Dec;242:112599. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112599. Epub 2019 Oct 12. Review.

End-of-life care and place of death in adults with serious mental illness: A systematic review and narrative synthesis.
Wilson R, Hepgul N, Higginson IJ, Gao W.
Palliat Med. 2019 Oct 14:269216319867847. doi: 10.1177/0269216319867847. [Epub ahead of print]

Homeless persons' experiences of health- and social care: A systematic integrative review.
Omerov P, Craftman ÅG, Mattsson E, Klarare A.
Health Soc Care Community. 2020 Jan;28(1):1-11. doi: 10.1111/hsc.12857. Epub 2019 Sep 16. Review.

End-of-life care in intellectual disability: a retrospective cross-sectional study.
Hunt K, Bernal J, Worth R, Shearn J, Jarvis P, Jones E, Lowe K, Madden P, Barr O, Forrester-Jones R, Kroll T, McCarron M, Read S, Todd S.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Oct 16. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001985. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001985. [Epub ahead of print]

Nutritional care

Systemic Inflammation and Nutritional Status in Patients on Palliative Cancer Care: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.
Cordeiro LAF, Silva TH, Oliveira LC, Nogueira Neto JF.
Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2019 Nov 18:1049909119886833. doi: 10.1177/1049909119886833. [Epub ahead of print]

Integration of palliative, supportive, and nutritional care to alleviate eating-related distress among advanced cancer patients with cachexia and their family members.
Amano K, Baracos VE, Hopkinson JB.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2019 Nov;143:117-123. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.08.006. Epub 2019 Sep 17. Review.

Service development and impact

Telehealth in palliative care is being described but not evaluated: a systematic review.
Hancock S, Preston N, Jones H, Gadoud A.
BMC Palliat Care. 2019 Dec 13;18(1):114. doi: 10.1186/s12904-019-0495-5.

Applying M-Health to Palliative Care: A Systematic Review on the Use of M-Health in Monitoring Patients With Chronic Diseases and its Transposition in Palliative Care.
Bienfait F, Petit M, Pardenaud R, Guineberteau C, Pignon A.
Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2019 Nov 27:1049909119885655. doi: 10.1177/1049909119885655. [Epub ahead of print]

Population-Based Quality Indicators for End-of-Life Cancer Care: A Systematic Review.
Henson LA, Edmonds P, Johnston A, Johnson HE, Ng Yin Ling C, Sklavounos A, Ellis-Smith C, Gao W.
JAMA Oncol. 2019 Oct 24. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.3388. [Epub ahead of print]

Effect of Palliative Care on Quality of Life and Survival after Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Systematic Review.
Hasanpour Dehkordi A, Sarokhani D, Ghafari M, Mikelani M, Mahmoodnia L.
Int J Prev Med. 2019 Sep 5;10:147. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_191_18. eCollection 2019. Review.

Supporting carers

The experiences and perspectives of family surrogate decision-makers: A systematic review of qualitative studies.
Su Y, Yuki M, Hirayama K.
Patient Educ Couns. 2019 Dec 16. pii: S0738-3991(19)30555-5. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2019.12.011. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Resilience in Caregivers: A Systematic Review.
Palacio G C, Krikorian A, Gómez-Romero MJ, Limonero JT.
Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2019 Dec 13:1049909119893977. doi: 10.1177/1049909119893977. [Epub ahead of print]

Measuring the success of interventions for caregivers: a focussed systematic review.
Drummond M, Johnston B, Quinn TJ.
Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 2019 Dec;13(4):351-359. doi: 10.1097/SPC.0000000000000461.

Surrogates' end-of-life decision-making process in nursing homes for residents with a neurocognitive disorder: An integrative review.
Daneau S, Bourbonnais A, Legault A.
Int J Older People Nurs. 2019 Oct 15:e12274. doi: 10.1111/opn.12274. [Epub ahead of print]

Loneliness among cancer caregivers: A narrative review.
Gray TF, Azizoddin DR, Nersesian PV.
Palliat Support Care. 2019 Oct 4:1-9. doi: 10.1017/S1478951519000804. [Epub ahead of print]

Family caregivers of advanced cancer patients: self-perceived competency and meaning-making.
Teo I, Baid D, Ozdemir S, Malhotra C, Singh R, Harding R, Malhotra R, Yang MG, Neo SH, Cheung YB, Neo PSH, Kanesvaran R, Kumarakulasinghe NB, Lee LH, Koh GCH, Finkelstein EA; COMPASS study group.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Dec 5. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001979. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001979. [Epub ahead of print]

Home care for terminally ill patients: the experiences of family caregivers with and without paid work.
Bijnsdorp FM, van der Beek AJ, Pasman HRW, Boot CRL, de Boer AH, Plaisier I, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Nov 20. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001949. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001949. [Epub ahead of print]

Supporting families when a close relative is dying

Meta-Analysis: Exposure to Early Life Stress and Risk for Depression in Childhood and Adolescence.
LeMoult J, Humphreys KL, Tracy A, Hoffmeister JA, Ip E, Gotlib IH.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2019 Oct 29. pii: S0890-8567(19)32111-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2019.10.011. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Loneliness among cancer caregivers: A narrative review.
Gray TF, Azizoddin DR, Nersesian PV.
Palliat Support Care. 2019 Oct 4:1-9. doi: 10.1017/S1478951519000804. [Epub ahead of print]

Early parental loss in childhood and depression in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of case-controlled studies.
Simbi CMC, Zhang Y, Wang Z.
J Affect Disord. 2020 Jan 1;260:272-280. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.087. Epub 2019 Jul 30. Review.

Supporting children and young adults with life threatening illness (and their families)

A conceptual model of barriers and facilitators to primary clinical teams requesting pediatric palliative care consultation based upon a narrative review.
Walter JK, Hill DL, DiDomenico C, Parikh S, Feudtner C.
BMC Palliat Care. 2019 Dec 21;18(1):116. doi: 10.1186/s12904-019-0504-8.

Paediatric palliative care: a systematic review.
Nilsson S, Ohlen J, Hessman E, Brännström M.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Dec 13. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001934. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001934. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Scoping review of symptoms in children with rare, progressive, life-threatening disorders.
Pawliuk C, Widger K, Dewan T, Brander G, Brown HL, Hermansen AM, Grégoire MC, Steele R, Siden HH.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Dec 12. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001943. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001943. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Communication during childhood cancer: Systematic review of patient perspectives.
Lin B, Gutman T, Hanson CS, Ju A, Manera K, Butow P, Cohn RJ, Dalla-Pozza L, Greenzang KA, Mack J, Wakefield CE, Craig JC, Tong A.
Cancer. 2019 Dec 10. doi: 10.1002/cncr.32637. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Experience of nurses who work with children with palliative care needs: A mixed-method systematic review.
Atout M.
Palliat Support Care. 2019 Nov 27:1-13. doi: 10.1017/S1478951519000956. [Epub ahead of print]

Use of Synchronous Digital Health Technologies for the Care of Children With Special Health Care Needs and Their Families: Scoping Review.
Bird M, Li L, Ouellette C, Hopkins K, McGillion MH, Carter N.
JMIR Pediatr Parent. 2019 Nov 21;2(2):e15106. doi: 10.2196/15106. Review.

Spiritual Care: Minimizing the Vulnerability of Parents Whose Children With Cancer Face the End of Life.
Petersen CL.
J Pediatr Oncol Nurs. 2019 Nov 13:1043454219887509. doi: 10.1177/1043454219887509. [Epub ahead of print]

Complementary and alternative medicine for treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A narrative review.
Cai M, Yang EJ.
Integr Med Res. 2019 Dec;8(4):234-239. doi: 10.1016/j.imr.2019.08.003. Epub 2019 Aug 29. Review.

Place of death, care-seeking and care pathway progression in the final illnesses of children under five years of age in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.
Price J, Lee J, Willcox M, Harnden A.
J Glob Health. 2019 Dec;9(2):020422. doi: 10.7189/jogh.09.020422.

End-of-Life Communication Needs for Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer: Recommendations for Research and Practice.
Sansom-Daly UM, Wakefield CE, Patterson P, Cohn RJ, Rosenberg AR, Wiener L, Fardell JE.
J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol. 2019 Oct 29. doi: 10.1089/jayao.2019.0084. [Epub ahead of print]

Bereavement support effectiveness for parents of infants and children: a systematic review.
Ainscough T, Fraser L, Taylor J, Beresford B, Booth A.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Oct 3. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001823. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001823. [Epub ahead of print]

Finding a way with words: Delphi study to develop a discussion prompt list for paediatric palliative care.
Ekberg S, Herbert A, Johns K, Tarrant G, Sansone H, Yates P, Danby S, Bradford NK.
Palliat Med. 2019 Nov 22:269216319888988. doi: 10.1177/0269216319888988. [Epub ahead of print]

Artificial nutrition and hydration for children and young people towards end of life: consensus guidelines across four specialist paediatric palliative care centres.
Anderson AK, Burke K, Bendle L, Koh M, McCulloch R, Breen M.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Oct 19. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001909. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001909. [Epub ahead of print]

Supporting staff in palliative care

Resilience in palliative healthcare professionals: a systematic review.
Zanatta F, Maffoni M, Giardini A.
Support Care Cancer. 2019 Dec 6. doi: 10.1007/s00520-019-05194-1. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Psychological outcomes of debriefing healthcare providers who experience expected and unexpected patient death in clinical or simulation experiences: A scoping review.
Harder N, Lemoine J, Harwood R.
J Clin Nurs. 2019 Oct 29. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15085. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Place of care

Hospice and specialist palliative care

Barriers to palliative and hospice care utilization in older adults with cancer: A systematic review.
Parajuli J, Tark A, Jao YL, Hupcey J.
J Geriatr Oncol. 2019 Nov 4. pii: S1879-4068(19)30238-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jgo.2019.09.017. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Comparing Specialty and Primary Palliative Care Interventions: Analysis of a Systematic Review.
Ernecoff NC, Check D, Bannon M, Hanson LC, Dionne-Odom JN, Corbelli J, Klein-Fedyshin M, Schenker Y, Zimmermann C, Arnold RM, Kavalieratos D.
J Palliat Med. 2019 Oct 23. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2019.0349. [Epub ahead of print]

Understanding what works, why and in what circumstances in hospice at home services for end-of-life care: Applying a realist logic of analysis to a systematically searched literature review.
Hashem F, Brigden C, Wilson P, Butler C.
Palliat Med. 2019 Dec 18:269216319867424. doi: 10.1177/0269216319867424. [Epub ahead of print]

Hospice at Home services in England: a national survey.
Rees-Roberts M, Williams P, Hashem F, Brigden C, Greene K, Gage H, Goodwin M, Silsbury G, Wee B, Barclay S, Wilson PM, Butler C.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Nov 13. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001818. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001818. [Epub ahead of print]

Community and primary care

Palliative care for community patients diagnosed with dementia: a systematic review.
Smith C, Newbury G.
Br J Community Nurs. 2019 Dec 2;24(12):570-575. doi: 10.12968/bjcn.2019.24.12.570.

Systematic review of barriers and enablers to the delivery of palliative care by primary care practitioners.
Carey ML, Zucca AC, Freund MA, Bryant J, Herrmann A, Roberts BJ.
Palliat Med. 2019 Oct;33(9):1131-1145. doi: 10.1177/0269216319865414.

Specialist palliative care services for older people in primary care: A systematic review using narrative synthesis.
de Nooijer K, Penders YW, Pivodic L, Van Den Noortgate NJ, Pype P, Van den Block L.
Palliat Med. 2019 Sep 28:269216319874978. doi: 10.1177/0269216319874978. [Epub ahead of print]

Barriers, enablers and initiatives for uptake of advance care planning in general practice: a systematic review and critical interpretive synthesis.
Risk J, Mohammadi L, Rhee J, Walters L, Ward PR.
BMJ Open. 2019 Sep 18;9(9):e030275. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030275.

Secondary care

What information and resources do carers require pre and post bereavement in the acute hospital setting? A rapid review.
Jackson B, McPeake J, Johnston B.
Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 2019 Dec;13(4):328-336. doi: 10.1097/SPC.0000000000000462.

Does inpatient palliative care consultation impact outcomes following hospital discharge? A narrative systematic review.
Scott M, Shaver N, Lapenskie J, Isenberg SR, Saunders S, Hsu AT, Tanuseputro P.
Palliat Med. 2019 Oct 4:269216319870649. doi: 10.1177/0269216319870649. [Epub ahead of print]

Clinical Practice Guidelines and Consensus Statements About Pain Management in Critically Ill End-of-Life Patients: A Systematic Review.
Durán-Crane A, Laserna A, López-Olivo MA, Cuenca JA, Díaz DP, Cardenas YR, Urso C, O'Connell K, Azimpoor K, Fowler C, Price KJ, Sprung CL, Nates JL.
Crit Care Med. 2019 Nov;47(11):1619-1626. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000003975.

Hospitalization at the end of life among nursing home residents with dementia: a systematic review.
Hoffmann F, Strautmann A, Allers K.
BMC Palliat Care. 2019 Sep 10;18(1):77. doi: 10.1186/s12904-019-0462-1.

Emergency care

Paramedics and serious illness: communication training.
Pease NJ, Sundararaj JJ, O'Brian E, Hayes J, Presswood E, Buxton S.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Nov 15. pii: bmjspcare-2018-001734. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2018-001734. [Epub ahead of print]

Review article: End-of-life care for older people in the emergency department: A scoping review.
Huang YL, Alsaba N, Brookes G, Crilly J.
Emerg Med Australas. 2019 Dec 9. doi: 10.1111/1742-6723.13414. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

End-of-Life Care, Palliative Care Consultation, and Palliative Care Referral in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review.
Wilson JG, English DP, Owyang CG, Chimelski EA, Grudzen CR, Wong HN, Aslakson RA; AAHPM Research Committee Writing Group.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2019 Oct 3. pii: S0885-3924(19)30569-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.09.020. [Epub ahead of print]

Long term care settings

Systematic critical realist review of interventions designed to improve end-of-life care in care homes.
Spacey A, Scammell J, Board M, Porter S.
Nurs Health Sci. 2019 Dec 4. doi: 10.1111/nhs.12665. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Palliative Care Models in Long-Term Care: A Scoping Review.
Kaasalainen S, Sussman T, McCleary L, Thompson G, Hunter PV, Wickson-Griffiths A, Cook R, Bello-Haas VD, Venturato L, Papaioannou A, You J, Parker D.
Nurs Leadersh (Tor Ont). 2019 Sep;32(3):8-26. doi: 10.12927/cjnl.2019.25975.

Surrogates' end-of-life decision-making process in nursing homes for residents with a neurocognitive disorder: An integrative review.
Daneau S, Bourbonnais A, Legault A.
Int J Older People Nurs. 2019 Oct 15:e12274. doi: 10.1111/opn.12274. [Epub ahead of print]

A systematic review of interventions for loneliness among older adults living in long-term care facilities.
Quan NG, Lohman MC, Resciniti NV, Friedman DB.
Aging Ment Health. 2019 Oct 11:1-11. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1673311. [Epub ahead of print]

Prisons

Palliative and end of life care in prisons: a mixed-methods rapid review of the literature from 2014-2018.
McParland C, Johnston BM.
BMJ Open. 2019 Dec 23;9(12):e033905. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033905.

Palliative and Hospice Care in Correctional Facilities: Integrating a Family Nursing Approach to Address Relational Barriers.
Burles M, Holtslander L, Peternelj-Taylor C.
Cancer Nurs. 2019 Oct 21. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0000000000000754. [Epub ahead of print]

Ethics

The relationship of palliative care with assisted dying where assisted dying is lawful: A systematic scoping review of the literature.
Gerson SM, Koksvik G, Richards N, Materstvedt LJ, Clark D.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2019 Dec 24. pii: S0885-3924(19)31066-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.12.361. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

A systematic review of older adults' request for or attitude toward euthanasia or assisted-suicide.
Castelli Dransart DA, Lapierre S, Erlangsen A, Canetto SS, Heisel M, Draper B, Lindner R, Richard-Devantoy S, Cheung G, Scocco P, Gusmão R, De Leo D, Inoue K, De Techterman V, Fiske A, Hong JP, Landry M, Lepage AA, Marcoux I, Na PJ, Neufeld E, Ummel D, Winslov JH, Wong C, Wu J, Wyart M.
Aging Ment Health. 2019 Dec 10:1-11. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1697201. [Epub ahead of print]

Moral distress experienced by non-Western nurses: An integrative review.
Prompahakul C, Epstein EG.
Nurs Ethics. 2019 Nov 21:969733019880241. doi: 10.1177/0969733019880241. [Epub ahead of print]

Outcomes of clinical ethics support near the end of life: A systematic review.
Haltaufderheide J, Nadolny S, Gysels M, Bausewein C, Vollmann J, Schildmann J.
Nurs Ethics. 2019 Nov 19:969733019878840. doi: 10.1177/0969733019878840. [Epub ahead of print]

Grief After Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide.
Andriessen K, Krysinska K, Castelli Dransart DA, Dargis L, Mishara BL.
Crisis. 2019 Oct 28:1-18. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000630. [Epub ahead of print]

Relational autonomy: what does it mean and how is it used in end-of-life care? A systematic review of argument-based ethics literature.
Gómez-Vírseda C, de Maeseneer Y, Gastmans C.
BMC Med Ethics. 2019 Oct 26;20(1):76. doi: 10.1186/s12910-019-0417-3.

Moral identity and palliative sedation: A systematic review of normative nursing literature.
Wright DK, Gastmans C, Vandyk A, de Casterlé BD.
Nurs Ethics. 2019 Oct 21:969733019876312. doi: 10.1177/0969733019876312. [Epub ahead of print]

Physicians' perceptions of palliative sedation for existential suffering: a systematic review.
Rodrigues P, Menten J, Gastmans C.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Sep 3. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001865. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001865. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Sedatives and sedation at the end of life: a nursing home retrospective cohort study.
Schildmann E, Bolzani A, Meesters S, Grüne B, Marheineke A, Remi C, Bausewein C.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Nov 28. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001984. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001984. [Epub ahead of print]

Medical assistance in dying: research directions.
Dierickx S, Cohen J.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Dec;9(4):370-372. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2018-001727. Epub 2019 Nov 1. No abstract available.

Economics

Economic evaluations of palliative care models: A systematic review.
Mathew C, Hsu AT, Prentice M, Lawlor P, Kyeremanteng K, Tanuseputro P, Welch V.
Palliat Med. 2019 Dec 19:269216319875906. doi: 10.1177/0269216319875906. [Epub ahead of print]

Education

Instruments for assessing nurses´ palliative care knowledge and skills in specialised care setting: An integrative review.
Soikkeli-Jalonen A, Stolt M, Hupli M, Lemetti T, Kennedy C, Kydd A, Haavisto E.
J Clin Nurs. 2019 Dec 19. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15146. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Training to Reduce Home Care Aides' Work Stress Associated with Patient Death: A Scoping Review.
Tsui EK, Wang WQ, Franzosa E, Gonzalez T, Reckrey JM, Sterling MR, Baron S.
J Palliat Med. 2019 Dec 18. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2019.0441. [Epub ahead of print]

Simulation to educate healthcare providers working within residential age care settings: A scoping review.
Keane JM, Franklin NF, Vaughan B.
Nurse Educ Today. 2019 Oct 22;85:104228. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2019.104228. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Does post-registration palliative care education for nurses improve practice? A systematic review.
Thavaraj A, Gillett K.
Int J Palliat Nurs. 2019 Nov 2;25(11):552-564. doi: 10.12968/ijpn.2019.25.11.552.

Palliative and end-of-life care and junior doctors': a systematic review and narrative synthesis.
Bharmal A, Morgan T, Kuhn I, Wee B, Barclay S.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Nov 13. pii: bmjspcare-2019-001954. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001954. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Palliative care medical student education: a cross-sectional medical school survey in mainland China.
Ye G, Mao J, Hu J, Chen J, Hesketh T.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Nov 29. pii: bmjspcare-2019-002044. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-002044. [Epub ahead of print]

Palliative care training in undergraduate medical, nursing and allied health: a survey.
White N, Oostendorp LJ, Minton O, Yardley S, Stone P.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Nov 20. pii: bmjspcare-2019-002025. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-002025. [Epub ahead of print]

Research

Comparing Specialty and Primary Palliative Care Interventions: Analysis of a Systematic Review.
Ernecoff NC, Check D, Bannon M, Hanson LC, Dionne-Odom JN, Corbelli J, Klein-Fedyshin M, Schenker Y, Zimmermann C, Arnold RM, Kavalieratos D.
J Palliat Med. 2019 Oct 23. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2019.0349. [Epub ahead of print]

Conceptualizing and Counting Discretionary Utilization in the Final 100 Days of Life: A Scoping Review.
Duberstein PR, Chen M, Hoerger M, Epstein RM, Perry LM, Yilmaz S, Saeed F, Mohile SG, Norton SA.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2019 Oct 19. pii: S0885-3924(19)30598-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.10.009. [Epub ahead of print] Review.

Insights into the perception that research ethics committees are a barrier to research with seriously ill children: A study of committee minutes and correspondence with researchers studying seriously ill children.
Butler AE, Vincent K, Bluebond-Langner M.
Palliat Med. 2019 Nov 4:269216319885566. doi: 10.1177/0269216319885566. [Epub ahead of print]

Inclusion of older patients with cancer in randomised controlled trials with patient-reported outcomes: a systematic review.
Sparano F, Aaronson NK, Sprangers MAG, Fayers P, Pusic A, Kieffer JM, Cottone F, Rees J, Pezold M, Anota A, Charton E, Vignetti M, Wan C, Blazeby J, Efficace F.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Dec;9(4):451-463. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001902. Epub 2019 Nov 12. Review.

Medical assistance in dying: research directions.
Dierickx S, Cohen J.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Dec;9(4):370-372. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2018-001727. Epub 2019 Nov 1. No abstract available.


Reports and announcements


News: Rolls-Royce tech gives voice back to people with MND (Digitalhealth.net)
Quips uses voice-banking and machine learning to allowing people with motor neurone disease to speak with their own voice, words, accent and colloquialisms.

Study: First population based study of End-of-life of adults with intellectual disability (BMJ Supportive and Palliative Care)
Based on UK adults living in supported living/residential care settings.

eLearning course: Dementia Care: Living Well as Dementia Progresses (Newcastle University)
Be prepared for the future - learn to understand dementia as it progresses and how to seek support.

eLearning course: Dementia Care: Staying Connected and Living Well (Newcastle University)
A course for carers, to help you stay connected to loved ones, manage stress at home, and defuse difficult situations.

eLearning course: End of Life Care: Challenges and Innovation (University of Glasgow)
Explore dying and palliative care practice around the world and evaluate new trends and ideas surrounding end of life care issues.

Guidance for carers: Caring for your child at the end of life: a guide for parents and carers (Together for Short Lives)

Guidance for professionals: Caring for a child at end of life: A guide for professionals on the care of children and young people before death, at the time of death and after death (Together for Short Lives)

New website: "talkabout" (Marie Curie)
New website from Marie Curie to accompany a public awareness campaign encouraging people to talk about death.

YouGov survey: What matters to me People living with terminal and advanced illness on end-of-life choices (Dignity in Dying)
The views of adults living with advanced or terminal illness on assisted dying.

Survey results: Improving MND Care (MND Association)
Results have been presented into infographics, covering some of the key findings as well as the actions we MND taking. The areas highlighted are Diagnosis, Health Care, Social Care, Carers, Practical Support and Benefits.

Free voice-banking for people with MND: My-own-voice service (Acapela)
Apply for funding from the MND Association here.

Project: ‘Metaphor, Cancer and the End of Life’ (Lancaster University)
Research on metaphors for cancer at Lancaster University has shown that they can be a helpful resource, but different metaphors “suit different people, or the same person at different times”. The ‘Metaphor Menu’ is a collection of metaphors inspired by a range of different people who have experienced cancer.

Palliative and end of life care profiles: November 2019 data update (Public Health England Official Statistics)
An overview of palliative and end of life care in England at various geographies.

Report: Older people who died in hospital: England 2017 (National End of Life Care Intelligence Network / Public Health England)
Deaths in hospital for people aged 75 years and older in 2017. Differences by age, sex deprivation, length of stay ending in hospital death are covered.

Guidance: Supporting LGBT+ people around death and bereavement (NHS Education for Scotland, NES)
A guide for health and social care professionals on the bereavement care needs of people who are Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transsexual/Transgender, and of other non-heterosexual identities.

Online course: End of Life Aid Skills for Everyone (EASE)
A course designed to “enable people to be more comfortable and confident supporting family and community members with issues they face during dying, death and bereavement.”

Online course: Care and support in advanced Parkinson's: A guide for general practice (Parkinson's UK)
Available free online with a range of tools, resources and links to support practice.

Guidance: Care after death – Registered nurse verification of expected death guidance (Hospice UK)
This 3rd edition brings the guidance in line with other national guidance and makes clear where there is difference.

Report: Hospice UK Impact Report 2019
Hospice UK annual report with the annual Impact Report.

Report: Current state of caring for family carers in UK hospices (Hospice UK)
Summarises the state of carer assessment and support provision across the hospice sector in the UK from the Organisational Survey of Carer Assessment and Support (HUK-OSCAS) 2018.

Report: Hospice Accounts 2019 (haysmacintyre/Hospice UK)
Report on hospice finances in the UK. This year’s report brings together information from the statutory accounts of 193 independent charitable hospices in the UK, plus two national charities, Marie Curie and Sue Ryder.

Report: Fresh eyes report - Caring to the end: shining a spotlight on bereavement and mortuary services (Hospice UK)
This report summarises Hospice UK’s learning from the ‘fresh eyes’ walkthroughs of bereavement centres and mortuary services in 12 acute hospital trusts across England.

Other evidence/education updates

Health Management Bulletin:
http://cash.libraryservices.nhs.uk/subject-a-z/h/health-services-management/

Scottish Palliative Care Partnership:
https://www.palliativecarescotland.org.uk/content/publications/?cat=12 

Health Improvement Scotland Palliative Care Bulletin:
https://www.palliativecareguidelines.scot.nhs.uk/bulletin.aspx 

End of Life Care Horizon Scanning:
https://palliativecarenwpctl.wordpress.com/


Disclaimer
All reasonable care is taken to ensure that the information we provide is accurate. We accept no responsibility for the content of, or access to, included web links or for use of the information therein. The information provided is selective; however, the inclusion of a link does not imply approval of the contents of the website.